The United States Army Reserve is the federal reserve force of the United States Army. Together, the Army Reserve and the Army National Guard constitute the reserve components of the United States Army. It was formed in 1908 to provide a reserve of medical officers.
Reserve soldiers perform only part-time duties as opposed to full-time ("active duty") soldiers, but may be called upon to do full-time duty. They generally perform training or service one weekend per month (inactive duty for training or Battle Assembly) and for two continuous weeks at some time during the year (annual training). Many reserve soldiers are organized into Army Reserve units, while others serve to augment active Army units.
Reserve soldiers perform only part-time duties as opposed to full-time ("active duty") soldiers, but may be called upon to do full-time duty. They generally perform training or service one weekend per month (inactive duty for training or Battle Assembly) and for two continuous weeks at some time during the year (annual training). Many reserve soldiers are organized into Army Reserve units, while others serve to augment active Army units.
All United States Army soldiers sign an initial eight year service contract upon entry into the military. Typically, the contract specifies that some of the service will be served in theRegular Army, or "active component" (two, three, or four years), with the rest of the service to be served in the reserve component. However, some soldiers elect to sign a contract specifying that all eight years be served in the reserve component, the soldier is entering directly into the Army Reserve and is only required to be on active duty for basic training and some sort of advanced training. This is usually active army advanced Individual training. Those soldiers who serve a period of years in the active component and choose not to re-enlist in the active component are automatically transferred afterwards to the reserve component to complete their initial eight year service obligation. After the expiration of the initial eight year service contract, soldiers who elect to continue their service may sign subsequent contracts consecutively until they finally leave the service; however, officers may have the option to opt for an "indefinite" contact, in which case the soldier remains a part of the military until they retire, are removed from the service for cause, or elect to leave the service.
The Army Reserve was composed of 189,005 soldiers as of 2005.[1]
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